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OBJECTIVE：To investigate the pharmaceutical ca re for a child with refractory Stenotrophomonas maltophilia sepsis by clinical pharmacists ，and to provide reference for the treatment of children with this disease. METHODS ：Clinical pharmacist participated in drug therapy for a child with refractory S. maltophilia sepsis. Based on the pathophysiological characteristics of the child and the PK/PD characteristics of the antimicrobials ，clinical pharmacists suggested that the anti-infection regimen should be adjusted as cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium 160 mg/（kg·d），every 8 hours combined with levofloxacin 10 mg/kg， every 12 hours. For clinical manifestations of severe inflammatory reaction ， the clinical pharmacist suggested receiving methylprednisolone sodium succinate 1 mg/kg additionally ，every 12 hours，for anti-inflammatory adjuvant therapy. At the same time， clinical pharmacist provided individualized pharmaceutical care （including the detection of blood concentration of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium ，the detection of ADR and medication education of oxygen atomization ）during the treatment，and followed up the child for one year. RESULTS ：The doctors adopted the suggestions of clinical pharmacists. The sepsis was controlled ，the child ’s condition were improved and then discharged. During the follow-up ，the child did not suffered from ADR ，such as cartilage and joint injury. CONCLUSIONS ：Hypoimmunity，long stay in intensive care unit ，endotracheal intubation and malignant tumor are the high risk factors of S. maltophilia infection. The monitoring of therapeutic drugs of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium is very necessary in the treatment of severe infection in children. After weighing the advantages and disadvantages and meeting certain conditions ，children can use quinolones for anti-infection ；based on the effective anti-infection treatment ，low-dose glucocorticoid can reduce the systemic inflammatory respense in patients with sepsis.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the influence of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expression of AMPA receptor subunit GluR1 in the rats with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) and explore the potential effect mechanism of EA in treatment of acute SCI.@*METHODS@#A total of 80 SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, i.e. a sham-operation group, a model group, an AMPA antagonist (DNQX) group, an EA group and a DNQX+EA group, 16 rats in each group. The modified Allen's impacting method was adopted to prepare the rat model of acute SCI at T@*RESULTS@#Compared to the sham-operation group in 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after modeling, the BBB scores were all significantly decreased in the model group (@*CONCLUSION@#The intervention with EA at "Dazhui" and "Mingmen" promotes the repair of the injured nerve in the spinal anterior horn probably through inhibiting GluR1 expression in the spinal injured area in the rats with acute SCI.
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Animals , Rats , Electroacupuncture , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, AMPA/genetics , Spinal Cord , Spinal Cord Injuries/therapyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of eletroacupuncture (EA) at "Dazhui" (EX-B2) and "Mingmen" (GV4) on expression of NR2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA) in the injured anterior horn (AH) area of rats with acute spinal cord injury (SCI), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of neural repair. METHODS: A total of 96 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups: sham operation (sham), model, medication (Methyl-prednisone, MP) and EA (n＝24 in each group). The acute SCI model was established by using a MASCIS spinal cord impactor. EA (2 Hz, 0.5 mA) was applied to EX-B2 and GV4 for 30 min, once at 0.5 h, 12 and 24 h after SCI. Rats of the medication group were treated by tail intravenous injection of MP 30 mg/kg within 15 min (impact therapy) and 5.4 mg•kg－1•h－1 (maintaining treatment) 45 min thereafter for 23 h. The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) rating scale (0 to 21 points) was used to assess changes of locomotor function 6, 24 and 48 h after SCI. Histopathological changes of the injured spinal cord AH region were observed after sectioning and hematoxylin-eosin (H.E.) staining, and the expression levels of NR2B mRNA and protein of AH were measured by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence, respectively. RESULTS: After SCI, the BBB scores at 6, 24 and 48 h were significantly decreased in the model group compared with those of the sham group (P0.05). After modeling, the histopathological changes (blurred border of the grey-white matter, cellular karyopyknosis, deepening of the cytoplasmic red stain, and rupture, dissolution and disordered arrangement of myelinated nerve fibers) in the injury area of the spinal cord in the model group were apparent, the number of NR2B positive neurons and the relative expression levels of NR2B mRNA and protein were significantly increased in the model group relevant to the sham group (P0.05). CONCLUSION: EA at EX-B2 and GV4 may inhibit the expression of NR2B mRNA and protein in acute SCI rats, which may contribute to its action in promoting nerve repair of the injured ventricolumna area of the thoracic spinal cord.
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This paper analyzes the status quo of the information of hospital archives in China from the perspective of the publication year, the area where the first author is located, the distribution of the journals and the content of the literature, and so on through reviewing the related literatures in CNKI.It was concluded that great progress has been made in the depth and breadth of the research on the information of hospital archives in our country.However, it is necessary to promote the digitization of archives resources, electronization of increment and internetization of the archive use, innovate management model of archive information, speed up the integration with the information society under the guidance of the 13th Five-Year Plan of National Archive Development, to promote the level of the modern archive management with the information as the core.